Exploring sustainable technical alternatives for Dutch dairy systems by integrating agro-economic modelling and public preferences assessment

Theoretical discussions on the joint consideration of multiple (economic, social and environmental) functions when assessing the sustainability of human actions are increasing. However few studies exist that integrate the social demand for multifunctional agriculture in the evaluation of the sustainability and the global welfare of society. This paper presents a methodology to answer to these questions: Which are the social demands for the multiple functions of agriculture and how can they be quantified?; Which are the feasible technical alternatives of land management to satisfy these demands?; What is the value of the land use alternatives according to social preferences and which alternatives optimally satisfy the social preferences?. The net utility of alternatives for society, and therefore their sustainability, will be measured as the sum of market and non-market net changes compared to the current situation. The proposed methodology combines economic valuation, integrated modelling, stakeholder analysis, and multi-criteria evaluation. In particular, different multi-criteria methods (QFD/ANP) and agro-economic modelling and optimizing tools (Landscape IMAGES) were used. The methodology will be fully illustrated through the case study of dairy farming landscapes in the Northern Friesian Woodlands, The Netherlands. Results show that for the case study it is possible to change current farming techniques and achieve more sustainable farming systems. The more sustainable alternatives are beneficial for farmers, obtaining higher gross margin, and for government, decreasing the current levels of subsidies in agri-environmental programs. Even current environmental restrictions can be slightly relaxed without compromising social demands to the analysed Dutch dairy farming systems.Land-use planning, public preferences, agro-economic models, Environmental Economics and Policy, Livestock Production/Industries,

A Concurrency-Agnostic Protocol for Multi-Paradigm Concurrent Debugging Tools

Today's complex software systems combine high-level concurrency models. Each model is used to solve a specific set of problems. Unfortunately, debuggers support only the low-level notions of threads and shared memory, forcing developers to reason about these notions instead of the high-level concurrency models they chose. This paper proposes a concurrency-agnostic debugger protocol that decouples the debugger from the concurrency models employed by the target application. As a result, the underlying language runtime can define custom breakpoints, stepping operations, and execution events for each concurrency model it supports, and a debugger can expose them without having to be specifically adapted. We evaluated the generality of the protocol by applying it to SOMns, a Newspeak implementation, which supports a diversity of concurrency models including communicating sequential processes, communicating event loops, threads and locks, fork/join parallelism, and software transactional memory. We implemented 21 breakpoints and 20 stepping operations for these concurrency models. For none of these, the debugger needed to be changed. Furthermore, we visualize all concurrent interactions independently of a specific concurrency model. To show that tooling for a specific concurrency model is possible, we visualize actor turns and message sends separately.Comment: International Symposium on Dynamic Language

Multifunctional Impacts of the Olive Farming Practices in Andalusia, Spain: An Analytic Network Approach

Olive agriculture represents one of the most important economic activities in the region of Andalusia, Spain. Additionally to its economic importance the multifunctional character of agriculture and its wide territorial presence entails that it has a high potential incidence in the environmental and social dimensions of the sustainable development of the region. Despite this importance, it is hypothesised and aimed to be contrasted that olive farmers are not implementing the agricultural practices optimal from an economic, environmental and social point of view. Contrasting this hypothesis entails to evaluate with a holistic and systemic approach the multiple impacts of the different technical alternatives to diverse agricultural practices. The use of the Analytic Network Process, a Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis technique, will be illustrated as a useful approach to deal with this kind of problems characterised by complexity, lack of information and risk. The study will focus on the average yield, climatic, environmental, etc., conditions of olive cultivation in Andalusia. The results seem to confirm the initial hypothesis when comparing the current situation with different scenarios of optimal technical alternatives. In particular the technical alternatives implemented nowadays they are far from being environmentally optimal. The multifunctional benefits and the technical costs of a change from the current situation to these optimal scenarios will be analysed.Olive farming practices, Multifunctionality, Analytic Network Process, Farm Management,

Influencia de las ludotecas comunitarias en el desarrollo socioafectivo de los niños de la institución misión regional castilla Paita 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la relación entre las ludotecas comunitarias y el desarrollo socioafectivo de los niños de la institución Misión Regional Castilla Paita 2022. La investigación es descriptiva correlacional, de enfoque cuantitativo, la población total estuvo conformada por 100 participantes de ambos sexos, cuyas edades fueron de 7 a 11 años, la muestra aplicada fue a 74 participantes. La técnica utilizada, fue la encuesta y el instrumento para la recolección de datos fue el cuestionario, de elaboración propia debidamente validado por el juicio de 3 expertos con grado de magister, el instrumento consta de 24 preguntas que provienen de dos variables que están conformadas por la primera variable ludotecas comunitarias y la segunda variable desarrollo socioafectivo, los resultados se obtuvo a través del programa Excel. Los resultados obtenidos fueron los siguientes, se logró evidenciar que existe un alto nivel de empatía, esto a través del interrogante comparto los juguetes con otros niños y niñas de la ludoteca, obteniendo un resultado favorable del 95%. De acuerdo a los resultados del análisis de correlación de variables se determinó una correlación positiva media del objetivo general 0.237 Rho, objetivo específico 1 de 0.470 Rho, objetivo específico 2 de 0.332 Rho, objetivo específico 3 es de 0.362 Rho. Por último, se recomienda al presidente de la Institución Misión Regional de castilla sistematizar la propuesta de ludotecas para seguir implementando nuevos espacios lúdicos comunitarios dentro de la localidad y expandirse a otras provincias, a su vez que este trabajo se realice de manera conjunta con la Municipalidad Provincial de Paita a través de la gerencia de desarrollo social y las empresas privadas que están comprometidas con el futuro de los niños y niñasTesisComunicación y desarrollo human

Towards Advanced Debugging Support for Actor Languages: Studying Concurrency Bugs in Actor-based Programs

With the ubiquity of multicore hardware, concurrent and parallel programming has become a fundamental part of software development. If writing concurrent programs is hard, debugging them is even harder. The actor model is attractive for developing concurrent applications because actors are isolated concurrent entities that communicates through asynchronous message sending and do not share state, thus they avoid common concurrency bugs such as race conditions. However, they are not immune to bugs. This paper presents initial work on a taxonomy of concurrent bugs for actor based applications. Based on this study, we propose debugging tooling to assist the development process of actor-based applications

A Principled Approach Towards Debugging Communicating Event-loops

Since the multicore revolution, software systems are more and more inherently concurrent. Debugging such concurrent software systems is still hard, but in the recent years new tools and techniques are being proposed. For such novel debugging techniques, the main question is how to make sure that the proposed techniques are sufficiently expressive. In this paper, we explore a formal foundation that allows researchers to identify debugging techniques and assess how complete their features are in the context of message-passing concurrency. In particular, we describe a principled approach for defining the operational semantics of a debugger. Subsequently, we apply this technique to derive the operational semantics for a communicating event-loop debugger. We show that our technique scales for defining the semantics of a wide set of novel breakpoints recently proposed by systems such as REME-D and Kómpos. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first formal semantics for debugging asynchronous message passing-based concurrency models

Multiverse Debugging: Non-deterministic Debugging for Non-deterministic Programs

Many of today's software systems are parallel or concurrent. With the rise of Node.js and more generally event-loop architectures, many systems need to handle concurrency. However, its non-deterministic behavior makes it hard to reproduce bugs. Today's interactive debuggers unfortunately do not support developers in debugging non-deterministic issues. They only allow us to explore a single execution path. Therefore, some bugs may never be reproduced in the debugging session, because the right conditions are not triggered. As a solution, we propose multiverse debugging, a new approach for debugging non-deterministic programs that allows developers to observe all possible execution paths of a parallel program and debug it interactively. We introduce the concepts of multiverse breakpoints and stepping, which can halt a program in different execution paths, i.e. universes. We apply multiverse debugging to AmbientTalk, an actor-based language, resulting in Voyager, a multiverse debugger implemented on top of the AmbientTalk operational semantics. We provide a proof of non-interference, i.e., we prove that observing the behavior of a program by the debugger does not affect the behavior of that program and vice versa. Multiverse debugging establishes the foundation for debugging non-deterministic programs interactively, which we believe can aid the development of parallel and concurrent systems

Psychometric Evaluation of the Resilience Scale for Mexican Children (GA-RE14)

Se examinan las propiedades psicométricas de la versión breve de la Escala de Resiliencia para niños de González-Arratia (GA-RE14) con dos estudios. Primero se verifica la estructura tridimensional y consistencia interna con una muestra de 217 escolares (122 niños, 95 niñas) y una Media de edad de 11.14 años (DE = .78). El Estudio 2 aporta evidencias de convergencia teórica con autoestima y satisfacción con la vida, con 121 participantes (59 niños, 62 niñas) con promedio de edad de 10.60 años (DE = .67). La configuración se comprobó con análisis factorial confirmatorio (GFI = .94, AGFI = .91, RMSEA = .046; NFI = .79, TLI = .90, CFI = .92). Hay asociación positiva y significativa entre las variables evaluadas, y puntajes más altos en las niñas que en los niños. Esta escala es útil para medición de la resiliencia infantil en contextos académicos y con fines de investigación.Este estudio forma parte del Proyecto de Investigación Registrado y Avalado por la SIyEA-UAEM. con clave 4645/2019SF y ha sido avalado por el Comité de Ética de la U. A. E. Mex. (Clave: 2019/05